This set of Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “System Software’s”.

 This set of Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “System Software’s”.

Q. 1. The physical devices of a computer:

   (1) Software

   (2) Package

   (3) Hardware

   (4) System Software

----

Answer: (3)

Explanation: Hardware refers to the physical devices of a computer system. Software refers to a collection of programs. A program is a sequence of instructions.

Q. 2. Software Package is a group of programs that solve a multiple problems.

   (1) True

   (2) False

----

Answer: (2)

Explanation: The statement is false. Software package is a group of programs that solve a specific problem or perform a specific type of job.

Q. 3. ____________ refer to renewing or changing components like increasing the main memory, or hard disk capacities, or adding speakers, or modems, etc.

   (1) Grades

   (2) Prosody

   (3) Synthesis

   (4) Upgrades

----

Answer: (4)

Explanation: Upgrades is the right term to be used. Upgrades are installed to renew or implement a new feature. Except for upgrades, hardware is normally one-time expense.

Q. 4. Which of the following is designed to control the operations of a computer?

   (1) Application Software

   (2) System Software

   (3) Utility Software

   (4) User

----

Answer: (2)

Explanation: Software is basically classified into two :System and application. System Software is designed to control the operations and extend the processing capability of a computer system.

Q. 5. Which of the following is not an example of system software?

   (1) Language Translator

   (2) Utility Software

   (3) Communication Software

   (4) Word Processors

----

Answer: (4)

Explanation: A system software is responsible for controlling the operations of a computer system. Word Processor is an application software since it is specific to its purpose.

Q. 6. A person who designs the programs in a software package is called :

   (1) User

   (2) Software Manager

   (3) System Developer

   (4) System Programmer

----

Answer: (4)

Explanation: The programs included in a system software package are called system programs. The programmers who design them and prepare them are called system programmers.

Q. 7. ___________________ is designed to solve a specific problem or to do a specific task.

   (1) Application Software

   (2) System Software

   (3) Utility Software

   (4) User

Answer: (1)

Explanation: An application software is specific to solving a specific problem. System software is designed for controlling the operations of a computer system.

Q. 8. Assembler is used as a translator for?

   (1) Low level language

   (2) High Level Language

   (3) COBOL

   (4) C

----

Answer: (1)

Explanation: Assembler is used in case of low level languages.It is generally used to make the binary code into an understandable format. Interpreter is used with the high level languages similarly.

Q. 9. What do you call a program in execution?

   (1) Command

   (2) Process

   (3) Task

   (4) Instruction

----

Answer: (2)

Explanation: Option Process is correct. A program is a set of instructions. A program in execution is called a process.

Q. 10. Which of the following is not a process state?

   (1) Terminated

   (2) Running

   (3) Blocked

   (4) Execution

----

Answer: (3)

Explanation: There is no blocked state in a process model. The different states are ready, running, executing, waiting and terminated.

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This set of Computer Fundamentals online test focuses on “Machine Languages”.

 This set of Computer Fundamentals online test focuses on “Machine Languages”.

Q. 1. The language made up of binary coded instructions.

   (1) Machine

   (2) C

   (3) BASIC

   (4) High level

----

Answer: (1)

Explanation: The language made up of binary coded instructions built into the hardware of a particular computer and used directly by the computer is machine language.

Q. 2. Binary code comprises of digits from 0 to 9.

   (1) True

   (2) False

----

Answer: (2)

Explanation: The statement is false. Binary as the word suggests contains only 2 digits : 0 and 1.

0 denotes false and 1 denotes a truth value.

Q. 3. The ___________ contains the address of the next instruction to be executed.

   (1) IR

   (2) PC

   (3) Accumulator

   (4) System counter

----

Answer: (2)

Explanation: PC stands for program counter (It contains the address of the next instruction to be executed).

Q. 4. The memory unit is made up of _____ bytes.

   (1) 256

   (2) 124

   (3) 4096

   (4) 3096

----

Answer: (3)

Explanation: The memory unit is made up of 4,096 bytes. Memory unit is responsible for the storage of data. It is an important entity in the computer system.

Q. 5. A document that specifies how many times and with what data the program must be run in order to thoroughly test it.

   (1) addressing plan

   (2) test plan

   (3) validation plan

   (4) verification plan

----

Answer: (2)

Explanation: Test plan is the A document that specifies how many times and with what data the program must be run in order to thoroughly test it. It comes under testing.

Q. 6. An approach that designs test cases by looking at the allowable data values.

   (1) Maintenance

   (2) Evaluation

   (3) Data coverage

   (4) Validation

----

Answer: (3)

Explanation: Data coverage is the term used. It is responsible for designing the test cases.

Q. 7. The formal grammar rules governing the construction of valid instruction.

   (1) test case

   (2) syntax

   (3) program

   (4) semantics

Answer: (2)

Explanation: Syntax determines the grammatical rules in a code. Semantics give meaning to the instructions.

Q. 8. A program that reads each of the instructions in mnemonic form and translates it into the machine-language equivalent.

   (1) Machine language

   (2) Assembler

   (3) Interpreter

   (4) C program

----

Answer: (2)

Explanation: Assembler does this job. A language that uses mnemonic codes for the representation of machine-language instructions is called assembly language.

Q. 9. An approach that designs test cases by looking at the allowable data values.

   (1) Data coverage

   (2) Code Coverage

   (3) Debugging

   (4) Validation

----

Answer: (1)

Explanation: Data coverage is an approach that designs test cases by looking at the allowable data values. Code coverage is an approach that designs test cases by looking at the code.

Q. 10. The rules that give meaning to the instructions.

   (1) Semantics

   (2) Syntax

   (3) Code

   (4) Cases

----

Answer: (1)

Explanation: The answer is semantics. They are the rules that give meaning to the instructions. Syntax is the formal rules that ensure validation of code.

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This set of Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Application Softwares”.

 This set of Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Application Softwares”.

Q. 1. The software designed to perform a specific task:

   (1) Synchronous Software

   (2) Package Software

   (3) Application Software

   (4) System Software

----

Answer: (3)

Explanation: Software refers to a collection of programs. Softwares designed to do a specific task are referred to as the application softwares. Eg. :Inventory management, banking, etc.

Q. 2. Word processing software is a type of application software.

   (1) True

   (2) False

----

Answer: (1)

Explanation: The statement is true. Since, application software are designed to do a specific job, word processing is a type of application software used for the designing of text documents.

Q. 3. Developing software __________ means a major commitment of time, money and resources.

   (1) In-house

   (2) In-sync

   (3) On-date

   (4) On-duration

----

Answer: (1)

Explanation: Developing software in-house means the same. It is easier to carry out changes in the software if it is developed in-house

Q. 4. Which of the following is not a way of acquiring software?

   (1) Buying pre-written software

   (2) Ordering customized software

   (3) Downloading public-domain Software

   (4) Duplicating the software

----

Answer: (4)

Explanation: Duplication is not a correct way of acquiring the software. All the other options are valid. Apart from these, another option could be development of a customized software. 

Q. 5. OSS stands for:

   (1) Open System Service

   (2) Open Source Software

   (3) Open System Software

   (4) Open Synchronized Software

----

Answer: (2)

Explanation: OSS stands for open source software. OSS allows any user to download, view, modify and redistribute the software. Also, the user can fix bugs according to needs.

Q. 6. Public domain software is usually:

   (1) System supported

   (2) Source supported

   (3) Community supported

   (4) Programmer supported

----

Answer: (3)

Explanation: The public domain software is generally community supported. It is community supported as author does not support users directly.

Q. 7. Set of programs which consists of full documentation.

   (1) Software Package

   (2) System Software

   (3) Utility Software

   (4) File package

----

Answer: (1)

Explanation: It is called a software package. A software is nothing but a collection of programs. A software package can solve a specific problem or perform a specific type of job.

Q. 8. Interpreter is used as a translator for __________

   (1) Low level language

   (2) High Level Language

   (3) COBOL

   (4) C

----

Answer: (2)

Explanation: It is generally used to make the code into an machine understandable format. Interpreter is used with the high level languages similarly. 

Assembler is used in case of low level languages.

Q. 9. What do you call a a specific instruction designed to do a task?

   (1) Command

   (2) Process

   (3) Task

   (4) Instruction

----

Answer: (1)

Explanation: A program is a set of instructions. A command is given to do a specific job. A program in execution is called a process.

Q. 10. They normally interact with the system via user interface provided by the application software.

   (1) Programmers

   (2) Developers

   (3) Users

   (4) Testers

----

Answer: (3)

Explanation: Users interact with the system via user interface that is given by the application software. An application software is a set of instructions designed to serve a particular purpose.

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This set of Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “The Binary Number System”.

 This set of Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “The Binary Number System”.

Q. 1. Which of the following is not a positional number system?

   (1) Roman Number System

   (2) Octal Number System

   (3) Binary Number System

   (4) Hexadecimal Number System

----

Answer: (1)

Explanation: The Roman number system isn’t a positional number system since , it uses symbols to represent numbers.

The octal number system uses digits from 0-7 , the binary number system uses digits from 0-1 whereas, the hexadecimal number system uses digits from 0-15.

Q. 2. The value of radix in binary number system is _____________

   (1) 2

   (2) 8

   (3) 10

   (4) 1

----

Answer: (1)

Explanation: In a binary number system, the value of base or radix is 2. The binary system uses only two digits for the representation of numbers, therefore its base id chosen to be 2.

Q. 3. The binary equivalent of the decimal number 10 is __________

   (1) 0010

   (2) 10

   (3) 1010

   (4) 010

----

Answer: (3)

Explanation: To get the binary equivalent of any number, we need to divide the number by 2 and obtain the remainders as :

We then write the remainders in the reverse order as 1010 .

Q. 4. A computer language that is written in binary codes only is _____

   (1) machine language

   (2) C

   (3) C#

   (4) pascal

----

Answer: (1)

Explanation: Machine Language is written in binary codes only . It can be easily understood by the computer and is very difficult for us to understand. A machine language , unlike other languages requires no translators or interpreters.

Q. 5. The octal equivalent of 1100101.001010 is ______

   (1) 624.12

   (2) 145.12

   (3) 154.12

   (4) 145.21

----

Answer: (2)

Explanation: The octal equivalent is obtained by grouping the numbers into three, from right to left before decimal and from right to left after the decimal place.

Here,

i.e. 145.12 is the octal equivalent of the number.

Q. 6. The input hexadecimal representation of 1110 is _______________

   (1) 0111

   (2) E

   (3) 15

   (4) 14

----

Answer: (2)

Explanation: In hexadecimal number system, 1110 = 15, which is represented by the alphabet E.

Some representations are:

A 10

B 11

C 12

D 13

E 14

F 15.

Q. 7. A bit in a computer terminology means either 0 or 1.

   (1) True

   (2) False

----

Answer: (1)

Explanation: A bit stands for a binary digit. A binary digit can have only two digits i.e. 0 or 1. A binary number consisting of n-bits is called a n-bit number.

Q. 8. Convert the binary equivalent 10101 to its decimal equivalent.

   (1) 21

   (2) 12

   (3) 22

   (4) 31

----

Answer: (1)

Explanation: To convert a binary number to its decimal equivalent follow these steps :

2

4 * 1 + 23 * 0 + 22 *1 + 21 * 0 + 20 * 1 = 21.

Therefore, the answer is 21.

Q. 9. Which of the following is not a binary number?

   (1) 1111

   (2) 101

   (3) 11E

   (4) 000

----

Answer: (3)

Explanation: A binary number can have only two possible digits, 0 and 1. In the third option, there is an alphabet E present which makes it an invalid binary number. Alphabets are only allowed in hexadecimal number system.

Q. 10. Which of the following is the correct representation of a binary number?

   (1) (124)2

   (2) 1110

   (3) (110)2

   (4) (000)2

----

Answer: (4)

Explanation: The binary numbers should comprise only two digits 0 and 1.

Also, for the base, the value should be 2 and it should be written as a subscript enclosing the entire number. Here, the fourth option gives the correct representation.

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Set of Computer Fundamentals Interview Questions and Answers for freshers focuses on “The Decimal Number System”.

 This set of Computer Fundamentals Interview Questions and Answers for freshers focuses on “The Decimal Number System”.

Q. 1. The value of base in a decimal number system is ____________

      (1) 8

      (2) 2

      (3) 10

      (4) 16

----

Answer: (3)

Explanation: A decimal number system consists of 10 digits from 0 to 9. The definition of base describes it as a quantity to represent the number of digits present in that particular number system.

Therefore, here, the base is 10.

Q. 2. Convert : (110)2 = ( __ )10 .

      (1) 4

      (2) 5

      (3) 6

      (4) 9

----

Answer: (3)

Explanation: The base 2 represents that the number is binary ,whereas, the base 10 represents that it is to be converted to the decimal format.

Conversion: 22 * 1 + 21 * 1 + 20 *0 = 6.

Q. 3. The 2’s complement of 15 is ____________

      (1) 0000

      (2) 0001

      (3) 0010

      (4) 0100

----

Answer: (2)

Explanation: 2’s complement is obtained by adding 1 to the 1’s complement of the number.

Here, Binary of 15 = 1111

1’s complement of 15= 0000

2’s complement of 15= 0000+1=0001.

Q. 4. Another name for base is __________

      (1) root

      (2) radix

      (3) entity

      (4) median

----

Answer: (2)

Explanation: Another name for base is radix. Base refers to the number of digits that a particular number system consists of.

The base of decimal number system is 10 , binary is 2 and so on.

Q. 5. The decimal equivalent of (0.101)2 will be ____________

      (1) 0.5

      (2) 0.625

      (3) 0.25

      (4) 0.875

----

Answer: (2)

Explanation: Since the base is 2 , it could be easily guessed that the number is binary. Conversion: 2-1 * 1 + 2-2 * 0 + 2-3 * 1 = 0.625.

Q. 6.The signed magnitude for -3 will be ___________

      (1) 00000011

      (2) 10000011

      (3) 11111101

      (4) 11111100

Answer: (2)

Explanation: Signed Magnitude of a number is a representation to determine if the number is positive or negative.

If the MSB of a number is 0 , the number is positive , else if it is 1 the number is negative.

Here, +3 = 00000011

-3= 100000011. 

Q. 7. A number with both integer and a fractional part has digits raised to both positive and negative powers of 2 in a decimal number system.

      (1) True

      (2) False

----

Answer: (2)

Explanation: In a decimal number system, a number with both integer and a fractional part has digits raised to both positive and negative powers of 10 and not 2.

e.g. 22.34 = 2 * 101 + 2 * 100 + 3 * 10-1 + 4 * 10-2

Q. 8. The hexadecimal representation of 14 is _______________

      (1) A

      (2) F

      (3) D

      (4) E

----

Answer: (4)

Explanation: The hexadecimal representations are as follows:

10 : A

11 : B

12 : C

13 : D

14 : E

15 : F.

Q. 9. Which of the following is not a decimal number?

      (1) 114

      (2) 43.47

      (3) 99.9A

      (4) 10101

----

Answer: (3)

Explanation: All the numbers except 99.9A are decimal numbers.

This number has a hexadecimal component A in it therefore, it is not a valid decimal number.

The decimal equivalent of A is 10.

Q. 10. Select the incorrect option :

    (1) (101)10 = (1100101)2

    (2) G is valid in hexadecimal system.

    (3) C represents 12

    (4) The base of a decimal number system is 10.

----

Answer: (2)

Explanation: G is not a valid hexadecimal number. In this system , only representations from A to E are used to represent the numbers from 10 to 15. 

The base of the hexadecimal number system is 16

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Set of Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “The Control Unit”.

 This set of Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “The Control Unit”.

Q. 1. ____________ is the raw material used as input and __________ is the processed data obtained as output of data processing.

   (1) Data, Instructions

   (2) Instructions, Program

   (3) Data, Program

   (4) Program, Code

----

Answer: (1)

Explanation: Data can be assumed as a raw material which , in turns after processing gives the desired output in the form of instructions. Further, a set of ordered and meaningful instructions is known as a program.

Q. 2. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a computer?

   (1) Diligence

   (2) I.Q.

   (3) Accuracy

   (4) Versatility

----

Answer: (2)

Explanation: The Computer system has no I.Q. of its own. It does only what it is programmed to do. It cannot take decisions of its own. A computer is diligent, because it can work continuously for hours without getting any errors or without getting grumbled.

Accuracy of a computer is consistently high and its level of accuracy depends on its design. A computer can perform any task if, it can be broken down into a series of logical steps. Therefore, a computer is versatile.

Q. 3. Fill in the blank in the diagram.

   (1) Input Unit

   (2) Memory Unit

   (3) Control Unit

   (4) I/O Unit

----

Answer: (3)

Explanation: The control unit manages and coordinates the operations of a computer system. The ALU is responsible for performing all the arithmetic and bitwise operations . Therefore, both these units combine to form the brain of the computer ,which is the central processing unit.

Q. 4. The part of a processor which contains hardware necessary to perform all the operations required by a computer:

   (1) Data path

   (2) Controller

   (3) Registers

   (4) Cache

----

Answer: (1)

Explanation: A processor is a part of the computer which does all the data manipulation and decision making. A processor comprises of: A data path which contains the hardware necessary to perform all the operations. A controller tells the data path what needs to be done. The registers act as intermediate storage for the data.

Q. 5. What does MAR stand for?

   (1) Main Address Register

   (2) Memory Access Register

   (3) Main Accessible Register

   (4) Memory Address Register

----

Answer: (4)

Explanation: MAR is a type of register which is responsible for the fetch operation. MAR is connected to the address bus and it specifies the address for the read and write operations.

Q. 6. If the control signals are generated by combinational logic, then they are generated by a type of _______________ controlled unit.

   (1) Micro programmed

   (2) Software

   (3) Logic

   (4) Hardwired

----

Answer: (4)

Explanation: The main task of a control unit is to generate control signals. There are two main types of control units: A hardwired control unit generates control signals by using combinational logic circuits and the Micro programmed control unit generates control signals by using some softwares.

Q. 7. Which is the simplest method of implementing hardwired control unit?

   (1) State Table Method

   (2) Delay Element Method

   (3) Sequence Counter Method

   (4) Using Circuits

----

Answer: (1)

Explanation: There are 3 ways of implementing hardwired control unit: A state table is the simplest method in which a number of circuits are designed based on the cells in the table. A delay element method consists of a flowchart drawn for the circuit. A D-flip flop is used as a delay element. A sequence counter method used k-modulo counter as a replacement for k delay elements.

Q. 8. A set of microinstructions for a single machine instruction is called  ___________

   (1) Program

   (2) Command

   (3) Micro program

   (4) Micro command

----

Answer: (3)

Explanation: For every micro-operation, a set of microinstructions are written which indicate the control signals to be activated. A set of microinstructions is a micro program. The address of the next microinstruction is given by a Micro-program counter.

Q. 9. Micro-program consists of a set of microinstructions which are strings of 0s and 1s.

   (1) True

   (2) False

----

Answer: (1)

Explanation: The computer understands only binary language. So, the micro-program should have instructions which are in the form of 0s and 1s. Each output line of the micro-program corresponds to one control signal.

Q. 10. A decoder is required in case of a ______________

   (1) Vertical Microinstruction

   (2) Horizontal Microinstruction

   (3) Multilevel Microinstruction

   (4) All types of microinstructions

Answer: (1)

Explanation: There are two types of microinstructions: Horizontal and Vertical. In a horizontal microinstruction, each bit represents a signal to be activated whereas, in case of a vertical microinstruction bits are decoded and, the decoder then produces signals

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Set of Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “The Arithmetic & Logic Unit”.

 This set of Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “The Arithmetic & Logic Unit”.

Q. 1. The ‘heart’ of the processor which performs many different operations _____________

   (1) Arithmetic and logic unit

   (2) Motherboard

   (3) Control Unit

   (4) Memory

----

Answer: (1)

Explanation: The Arithmetic and logic unit performs all the basic operations of the computer system. It performs all the arithmetic(+,-,*,/,etc) as well as the logical operations( AND, OR, NOT, etc.).

Q. 2. ALU is the place where the actual executions of instructions take place during processing operation.

   (1) True

   (2) False

----

Q. 3. Which of the following is not a bitwise operator?

   (1) |

   (2) ^

   (3) .

   (4) <<

----

Answer: (3)

Explanation: All except the dot(.) operator are bitwise operators.

| : Bitwise OR

^ : Bitwise XOR

<< : Shift Left 

Q. 4. The sign magnitude representation of -1 is __________

   (1) 0001

   (2) 1110

   (3) 1000

   (4) 1001

----

Answer: (4)

Explanation: The first leftmost bit i.e. the most significant bit in the sign magnitude represents if the number is positive or negative. If the MSB is 1, the number is negative else if it is 0, the number is positive. Here, +1=0001 and for -

1=1001.

5. IEEE stands for ___________

   (1) Instantaneous Electrical Engineering

   (2) Institute of Emerging Electrical Engineers

   (3) Institute of Emerging Electronic Engineers

   (4) Institute of Electrical and electronics engineers

----

Answer: (4)

Explanation: The IEEE is an organization of professionals in the field of electronics and electrical engineering. IEEE has given certain standards of its own which are followed in the field of computer science and electrical engineering.

Q. 6. The ALU gives the output of the operations and the output is stored in the  ________

   (1) Memory Devices

   (2) Registers

   (3) Flags

   (4) Output Unit

----

Answer: (2)

Explanation: Any output generated by the ALU gets stored in the registers. The registers are the temporary memory locations within the processor that are connected by signal paths to the CPU.

Q. 7. The process of division on memory spaces is called ______________

   (1) Paging

   (2) Segmentation

   (3) Bifurcation

   (4) Dynamic Division

----

Answer: (2)

Explanation: The memory space is divided into segments of dynamic size. The programmer is aware of the segmentation and can reallocate the segments accordingly.

Q. 8. Number of bits in ALU is _________

   (1) 4

   (2) 8

   (3) 16

   (4) 2

----

Answer: (3)

Explanation: Arithmetic and Logic Unit consists of 16bits. They perform certain Arithmetic and bitwise operations (add, subtract, AND, OR, XOR, Increment, decrement, shift).

Q. 9. Which flag indicates the number of 1 bit that results from an operation?

   (1) Zero

   (2) Parity

   (3) Auxiliary

   (4) Carry

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Answer: (2)

Explanation: The parity flag indicates the number of 1 bits in any operation. The resultant bit is called the parity bit. The main aim of the parity bit is to check for errors.

Q. 10. The bitwise complement of 0 is ___________

   (1) 00000001

   (2) 10000000

   (3) 11111111

   (4) 11111110

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Answer: (3)

Explanation: Bitwise complement is basically used to convert all the 0 digits to 1 and the 1s to 0s. So, for 0 = 00000000(in 8-bits) ::: 11111111(1s complement). The bitwise complement is often referred to as the 1s complement

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